/*
 * See Copyright Notice in perlin.h
 */
#include <cmath>
#include <array>
#include <numeric>
#include <random>
#include <algorithm>
#include "perlin.h"

PerlinNoise::PerlinNoise( unsigned seed ) {
    if(seed==0) seed = std::mt19937::default_seed;
    // p[0]..p[255] contains all numbers in [0..255] in random order        
    std::iota(std::begin(p),std::begin(p)+256,0);
    std::shuffle(std::begin(p),std::begin(p)+256,std::mt19937(seed));
    for(int i=0; i<256; ++i) p[256+i] = p[i];        
}

double PerlinNoise::noise( double x, double y, double z ) const {
    const int X = static_cast<int>(::floor(x)) & 255;
    const int Y = static_cast<int>(::floor(y)) & 255;
    const int Z = static_cast<int>(::floor(z)) & 255;

    x -= ::floor(x);
    y -= ::floor(y);
    z -= ::floor(z);

    const double u = fade(x);
    const double v = fade(y);
    const double w = fade(z);

    const int A = p[X ]+Y, AA = p[A]+Z, AB = p[A+1]+Z;
    const int B = p[X+1]+Y, BA = p[B]+Z, BB = p[B+1]+Z;

    return lerp(w, lerp(v, lerp(u, grad(p[AA ], x , y , z ),
                   grad(p[BA ], x-1, y , z )),
                   lerp(u, grad(p[AB ], x , y-1, z ),
                   grad(p[BB ], x-1, y-1, z ))),
                   lerp(v, lerp(u, grad(p[AA+1], x , y , z-1 ),
                   grad(p[BA+1], x-1, y , z-1 )),
                   lerp(u, grad(p[AB+1], x , y-1, z-1 ),
                   grad(p[BB+1], x-1, y-1, z-1 ))));
}

double PerlinNoise::octaveNoise( double x, int octaves ) const {
    double result = 0.0;
    double amp = 1.0;

    for(int i=0; i<octaves; ++i) {
        result += noise(x) * amp;
        x *= 2.0;
        amp *= 0.5;
    }
    return result;
}

double PerlinNoise::octaveNoise( double x, double y, int octaves ) const {
    double result = 0.0;
    double amp = 1.0;
    
    for(int i=0; i<octaves; ++i) {
        result += noise(x,y) * amp;
        x *= 2.0;
        y *= 2.0;
        amp *= 0.5;
    }
    
    return result;
}

double PerlinNoise::octaveNoise( double x, double y, double z, int octaves ) const {
    double result = 0.0;
    double amp = 1.0;

    for(int i=0; i<octaves; ++i) {
        result += noise(x,y,z) * amp;
        x *= 2.0;
        y *= 2.0;
        z *= 2.0;
        amp *= 0.5;
    }
    return result;
}

double PerlinNoise::grad( int hash, double x, double y, double z ) const {
    const int h = hash & 15;
    const double u = h<8 ? x : y, v = h<4 ? y : h==12||h==14 ? x : z;
    return ((h&1) == 0 ? u : -u) + ((h&2) == 0 ? v : -v);
}